Which medication should you give to someone with epistaxis?

Which medication should you give to someone with epistaxis?

• A. Lidocaine nasal spray
• B. Oxymetazoline
• C. Amoxicillin
• D. Dextrose solution

Answer: (B)

Epistaxis is best addressed by directly reducing blood flow in the nasal mucosa to promote hemostasis. A topical vasoconstrictor like oxymetazoline fits this need by constricting the vessels in the nose when sprayed into the nostril, helping the bleed stop. It targets the bleeding site without relying on systemic effects, making it the most appropriate medication among the options for a nosebleed in the prehospital setting. Lidocaine nasal spray is an anesthetic used to numb the area for procedures, not to stop the bleed. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic and has no role in stopping a nosebleed. Dextrose solution is an IV fluid used for energy or volume support, not for hemostasis. In practice, use direct nasal pressure while applying the topical vasoconstrictor, and monitor for potential adverse effects like increased blood pressure in sensitive patients.

Epistaxis is best addressed by directly reducing blood flow in the nasal mucosa to promote hemostasis. A topical vasoconstrictor like oxymetazoline fits this need by constricting the vessels in the nose when sprayed into the nostril, helping the bleed stop. It targets the bleeding site without relying on systemic effects, making it the most appropriate medication among the options for a nosebleed in the prehospital setting.

Lidocaine nasal spray is an anesthetic used to numb the area for procedures, not to stop the bleed. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic and has no role in stopping a nosebleed. Dextrose solution is an IV fluid used for energy or volume support, not for hemostasis.

In practice, use direct nasal pressure while applying the topical vasoconstrictor, and monitor for potential adverse effects like increased blood pressure in sensitive patients.